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OBSIDIAN
It occurs when lava cools quickly and freezes before it has had enough time to crystallize. It is usually found in the marginal sections of felsic lava flows, where cooling is rapid. Since it is not in the crystalline structure, its sharp shores can reach molecular fineness. Due to this feature, it was used as an arrowhead in ancient times, and today it is used in the incisors of scalpels used by surgeons.Currently, there are 2 factors for obsidian to become glass. It is the cooling rate and the amount of SiO2 in its composition.
Although obsidians are especially black, they have different colors such as Green Obsidian (Mount Nemrut-Tatvan), Red Obsidian (Ikizdere-Rize), black on Büyük göllü mountain. Hasan Mountain Obsidians contain a large amount of iron minerals when examined with a microscope. When the content of Ikizdere obsidian was examined, the gold mineral was found.
PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF OBSIDIAN
It is a suitable stone for draining the body's electricity.
It is useful in cleansing the liver. For this purpose, an obsidian stone the size of a fist is placed on the liver and waited for ten to thirty minutes. However, this period should not be exceeded and in this case, one should not fall asleep.
METAPHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OBSIDIAN
It destroys feelings of resentment and anger. Obsidian helps you when you are afraid to look inside yourself. By strengthening negative thoughts and feelings inside you, it allows you to notice them. It helps you get rid of the memories you don't want to remember. Thus, your positive emotions are activated. Obsidian can make you feel nervous because of these properties. However, it is a stone that everyone needs, as you can only step into positive changes when you can look inside yourself fearlessly. Obsidian allows you to notice the light inside you.
- OBSIDIAN IS A VERY BEAUTIFUL FORM OF NATURAL GLASS EXTRACTED IN AREAS WHERE VOLCANIC MOVEMENTS OCCUR.IT HAS BEEN KNOWN SINCE ANCIENT TIMES THAT IT HAS BEEN USED ESPECIALLY IN THE PRODUCTION OF WEAPONS.TODAY, OBSIDIAN IS PREFERRED IN JEWELRY MAKING AS AN ORNAMENTAL STONE.
- Obsidian, although it is a precious stone, has no separate chemical composition and is therefore defined as a rock formation.It is usually black, but it can appear in blue, brown, green, gray or red colors.The original name of obsidian is "obscure".Although it is an incorrect translation of the Latin “lapis obsianus”;this was the term used by Plint the Elder after it was discovered by a person named obsius or obsidius in the region of Ethiopia today.
- Obsidian is an amorphous crystalline mineral rich in silica that forms when liquid lavas cool down.Obsidian is mainly composed of glass.It has no crystalline structure and contains less than one percent water.
- Mostly because it is very sharp, obsidian has been used for knives and arrowheads for thousands of years.Obsidian has also been promoted in the production of masks, mirrors and cutting tools since the stone age.
cutting
Nowadays, obsidian is mostly used in jewelry making by being cut and polished.Cabochon cut and round cuts are very popular in obsidian necklaces,rings.Facet cutting is also processed.Obsidians, which are dark homogeneous in color, are used in the construction of various decorative items.
CRYSTALLITES
Single examples of obsidian can be a wide variety of crystal forms.Their color can be uniform and invariable, but they can also be veined or dotted in appearance.Some obsidians are also called inner bubbles or crystallite, snow-grain obsidian is the rarest and most valuable type of this stone.Different veins on the surface sometimes with the naked eye along the surface görülebilir.ve this is caused by the rapid cooling of the lava.
areas of use
Obsidian has been used in the construction of tools and sculptures since prehistoric times.Some of the ancient objects discovered by archaeologists were made for everyday life, but obsidian was used in jewelry, seals and ornamental jewelry in the form of bok bok with the ancient Egyptian civilization.Archaeological research has found various obsidian works of art belonging to ancient Afghanistan, Iran, Mesopotamia and sürüye.The precious stone was also used in many ancient Amarika civilizations, for example, the ancient people of Yucatan considered obsidian stone sacred and made the knives they used in sacrifice ceremonies from this stone.
INDUSTRIAL USE
Today, in addition to being used as an ornamental item, obsidian is the main source for the production of the substance known as “rock wool” in the industry.This substance, also known as mineral wool, is a glassy substance with high-quality fibers formed as a result of air bubbles or steam that intervene during Decolonization of low-grade obsidian.Rock or mineral wool is used in the packaging business to prevent heat or sound from fading.
OBSIDIAN AND GLASS
Glass is a material that has made our lives easier and more beautiful for thousands of years... Obsidian, the natural state of glass, was created millions of years ago by the rapid cooling of lava spewed by high temperature and pressure at the foot of the volcano. Natural glass, which is seen in black, red and green colors, was used by the ancient Anatolian civilizations in the construction of some tools and the first mirrors. Glass, which is said to be an accidental invention, was first produced by human hands around Anatolia and Mesopotamia in the 3500s BC. Roman historians tell that when the fire and sand that Phoenician sailors burned next to the natron ingots (natural sodium Decarbonate) that they brought down from the merchant ships that docked on the Egyptian coast came together, they encountered the first glass when they woke up in the morning.
The journey of glass, which started in the Eastern Mediterranean and Southern Anatolia and guided Anatolian, Roman and Byzantine art, was also the inspiration for a traveling exhibition organized at the Glass Pavilion of Dolmabahçe Palace. The initiative group of the exhibition, prepared in cooperation with the Department of National Palaces and the Italian Cultural Center, is 3. Didem Çapa from Dimension, the glass artists were Gültekin Çişen and Izzettin Baki. In cooperation with the Sartirana Art Foundation and the Museum of Design, Decorative Arts and Architecture (MADD) from Pavia, Italy, Padova glass artist Angelo Rinaldi's Murano glass collection was presented together with the works of Turkish glass artists at the Istanbul stop.
The 500-year-old ‘glass road’ of the Ottoman Empire also bears the traces of this journey. The first glass factory was established in Beykoz in the 1790s, when Venetian glassmaking began to open to the outside. These master glaziers are called to build glass factories in palaces in Europe; the Ottoman Empire has also wanted to bring Venetian craftsmanship to the country for many years. Beykoz glass is one of the first symbols of the relations between Ottoman creativity and Western art... Sunday Beykoz glass Factory rooted in the tradition of glassmaking Paşabahçe, the next name of Şişecam, has a say in the world market today.
ORIGIN
Obsidian is a misshapen rock that appears when volcanic lava cools very quickly without allowing it to crystallize.Obsidian is one of the first stones discovered and used by humanity, and new sources can still be formed as a result of volcanic movements today.The most important regions are Ecuador, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Sicily's Lipari islands (Italy ), Japan Java (Indonesia), Mexico , Peru, and Kamchatka (Russia).There is a sufficient amount of resources in the USA as a result of volcanic activities on the Hawaiian Islands.Apart from that, there are rare ones found in Arizona and New Mexico , black obsidian tubers are called ”apache tears".
features
Obsidian does not belong to a mineral group and is classified as a volcanic stained-glass rock formation.Although silicon is mainly composed of oxygen, it is difficult to categorize it because its chemical composition is very variable.Obsidian is defined as an amorphous gemstone due to its lack of crystal structure. Despite its prevailing dark color, when rubbed on an unglazed piece of white porcelain, it leaves a yellow fine line.When obsidian is hit with a pull, it disintegrates and leaves behind a fragment similar to a seashell.CAUTION: Obsidian fragments may be very sharp, and the coke should be handled carefully.
obsidian
Group : Volcanic glassy rock
Crystalline System : Amorphous
Chemical Formula : Various silicates
Hardness : 5
Density : 2.35
Division : None
Cracking : Concodial
Color : Black,green,brown and gray shades
Vein : Matte yellow
Brightness : Glassy
Irradiance : None
